消息队列 RocketMQ版
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消息队列 RocketMQ版SDK 参考RocketMQ 5.xC++ SDK普通消息
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问问助手火山引擎消息队列 RocketMQ 5.x 版本提供同步发送、异步发送两种方式来发送普通消息。本文介绍如何通过不同方式发送普通消息，发送普通消息前请在控制台创建普通消息类型 Topic。
同步发送消息
同步发送是指消息发送方发出一条消息后，会在收到服务端返回响应之后才发下一条消息的通讯方式。一般用于较为重要的消息发送场景。
同步发送方式发送普通消息的示例代码如下。
include<algorithm>
include<atomic>
include<iostream>
include<memory>
include<random>
include<string>
include<system_error>
include"gflags/gflags.h"
include"rocketmq/CredentialsProvider.h"
include"rocketmq/Logger.h"
include"rocketmq/Message.h"
include"rocketmq/Producer.h"
using namespace ROCKETMQ_NAMESPACE;
const std::string& alphaNumeric() {
static std::string alpha_numeric("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
return alpha_numeric;
}
std::string randomString(std::string::size_type len) {
std::string result;
result.reserve(len);
std::random_device rd;
std::mt19937 generator(rd());
std::string source(alphaNumeric());
std::string::size_type generated = 0;
while (generated < len) {
std::shuffle(source.begin(), source.end(), generator);
std::string::size_type delta = std::min({len - generated, source.length()});
result.append(source.substr(0, delta));
generated += delta;
}
return result;
}
// 设置为您从火山引擎消息队列 RocketMQ版控制台获取的接入点信息，类似"{INSTANCE_ID}.rocketmq.ivolces.com:8080"。
// 根据实例支持的认证方式，填写对应的身份认证信息：
// 密钥管理：access_key 为 AccessKey ID，access_secret 为 AccessKey Secret。
// 权限管理：access_key 为 ACL 用户名，access_secret 为 ACL 密码。
DEFINE_string(topic, "xxxx", "Topic to which messages are published");
DEFINE_string(access_point, "rocketmq-xxxx:8080", "Service access URL, provided by your service provider");
DEFINE_int32(message_body_size, 4096, "Message body size");
DEFINE_uint32(total, 256, "Number of sample messages to publish");
DEFINE_string(access_key, "xxxxx", "Your access key ID");
DEFINE_string(access_secret, "xxxx", "Your access secret");
DEFINE_bool(tls, false, "Use HTTP2 with TLS/SSL"); // 暂不支持 SSL 模式，需设置为 false。
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true);
auto& logger = getLogger();
logger.setConsoleLevel(Level::Info);
logger.setLevel(Level::Info);
logger.init();
// Access Key/Secret pair may be acquired from management console
CredentialsProviderPtr credentials_provider;
if (!FLAGS_access_key.empty() && !FLAGS_access_secret.empty()) {
credentials_provider = std::make_shared<StaticCredentialsProvider>(FLAGS_access_key, FLAGS_access_secret);
}
// In most case, you don't need to create too many producers, singleton pattern is recommended.
auto producer = Producer::newBuilder()
.withConfiguration(Configuration::newBuilder()
.withEndpoints(FLAGS_access_point)
.withCredentialsProvider(credentials_provider)
.withSsl(FLAGS_tls)
.build())
.withTopics({FLAGS_topic})
.build();
std::atomic_bool stopped;
std::atomic_long count(0);
auto stats_lambda = [&] {
while (!stopped.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
long cnt = count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
while (!count.compare_exchange_weak(cnt, 0)) {
cnt = count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
std::cout << "QPS: " << cnt << std::endl;
}
};
std::thread stats_thread(stats_lambda);
std::string body = randomString(FLAGS_message_body_size);
try {
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_total; ++i) {
auto message = Message::newBuilder()
.withTopic(FLAGS_topic)
.withTag("TagA")
.withKeys({"Key-" + std::to_string(i)})
.withBody(body)
.build();
std::error_code ec;
SendReceipt send_receipt = producer.send(std::move(message), ec);
if (ec) {
std::cerr << "Failed to publish message to " << FLAGS_topic << ". Cause: " << ec.message() << std::endl;
} else {
std::cout << "Publish message to " << FLAGS_topic << " OK. Message-ID: " << send_receipt.message_id
<< std::endl;
count++;
}
}
} catch (...) {
std::cerr << "Ah...No!!!" << std::endl;
}
stopped.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (stats_thread.joinable()) {
stats_thread.join();
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
异步发送消息
异步发送是指发送方发出一条消息后，不等服务端返回响应，接着发送下一条消息的通讯方式。异步发送可以避免线程阻塞，允许程序继续执行其他任务，从而提高系统的吞吐量和性能。
异步发送方式发送普通消息的示例代码如下。
include<algorithm>
include<atomic>
include<condition_variable>
include<iostream>
include<mutex>
include<random>
include<string>
include<system_error>
include"gflags/gflags.h"
include"rocketmq/Message.h"
include"rocketmq/Producer.h"
using namespace ROCKETMQ_NAMESPACE;
/**
* @brief A simple Semaphore to limit request concurrency.
*/
class Semaphore {
public:
Semaphore(std::size_t permits) : permits_(permits) {
}
/**
* @brief Acquire a permit.
*/
void acquire() {
while (true) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mtx_);
if (permits_ > 0) {
permits_--;
return;
}
cv_.wait(lk, [this]() { return permits_ > 0; });
}
}
/**
* @brief Release the permit back to semaphore.
*/
void release() {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mtx_);
permits_++;
if (1 == permits_) {
cv_.notify_one();
}
}
private:
std::size_t permits_{0};
std::mutex mtx_;
std::condition_variable cv_;
};
const std::string& alphaNumeric() {
static std::string alpha_numeric("0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
return alpha_numeric;
}
std::string randomString(std::string::size_type len) {
std::string result;
result.reserve(len);
std::random_device rd;
std::mt19937 generator(rd());
std::string source(alphaNumeric());
std::string::size_type generated = 0;
while (generated < len) {
std::shuffle(source.begin(), source.end(), generator);
std::string::size_type delta = std::min({len - generated, source.length()});
result.append(source.substr(0, delta));
generated += delta;
}
return result;
}
// 设置为您从火山引擎消息队列 RocketMQ版控制台获取的接入点信息，类似"{INSTANCE_ID}.rocketmq.ivolces.com:8080"。
// 根据实例支持的认证方式，填写对应的身份认证信息：
// 密钥管理：access_key 为 AccessKey ID，access_secret 为 AccessKey Secret。
// 权限管理：access_key 为 ACL 用户名，access_secret 为 ACL 密码。
DEFINE_string(topic, "xxxx", "Topic to which messages are published");
DEFINE_string(access_point, "rocketmq-xxxx:8080", "Service access URL, provided by your service provider");
DEFINE_int32(message_body_size, 4096, "Message body size");
DEFINE_uint32(total, 256, "Number of sample messages to publish");
DEFINE_string(access_key, "xxxxx", "Your access key ID");
DEFINE_string(access_secret, "xxxx", "Your access secret");
DEFINE_bool(tls, false, "Use HTTP2 with TLS/SSL"); // 暂不支持 SSL 模式，需设置为 false。
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true);
auto& logger = getLogger();
logger.setConsoleLevel(Level::Info);
logger.setLevel(Level::Info);
logger.init();
CredentialsProviderPtr credentials_provider;
if (!FLAGS_access_key.empty() && !FLAGS_access_secret.empty()) {
credentials_provider = std::make_shared<StaticCredentialsProvider>(FLAGS_access_key, FLAGS_access_secret);
}
// In most case, you don't need to create too many producers, singleton pattern is recommended.
auto producer = Producer::newBuilder()
.withConfiguration(Configuration::newBuilder()
.withEndpoints(FLAGS_access_point)
.withCredentialsProvider(credentials_provider)
.withSsl(FLAGS_tls)
.build())
.withTopics({FLAGS_topic})
.build();
std::atomic_bool stopped;
std::atomic_long count(0);
auto stats_lambda = [&] {
while (!stopped.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
long cnt = count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
while (!count.compare_exchange_weak(cnt, 0)) {
cnt = count.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
}
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
std::cout << "QPS: " << cnt << std::endl;
}
};
std::thread stats_thread(stats_lambda);
std::string body = randomString(FLAGS_message_body_size);
std::size_t completed = 0;
std::mutex mtx;
std::condition_variable cv;
std::unique_ptr<Semaphore> semaphore(new Semaphore(FLAGS_concurrency));
auto send_callback = [&](const std::error_code& ec, const SendReceipt& receipt) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mtx);
semaphore->release();
completed++;
count++;
if (completed >= FLAGS_total) {
cv.notify_all();
}
};
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < FLAGS_total; ++i) {
auto message = Message::newBuilder()
.withTopic(FLAGS_topic)
.withTag("TagA")
.withKeys({"Key-" + std::to_string(i)})
.withBody(body)
.build();
semaphore->acquire();
producer.send(std::move(message), send_callback);
}
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mtx);
cv.wait(lk, [&]() { return completed >= FLAGS_total; });
std::cout << "Completed: " << completed << ", total: " << FLAGS_total << std::endl;
}
stopped.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
if (stats_thread.joinable()) {
stats_thread.join();
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
订阅普通消息
RocketMQ 5.x 支持两种消费模式，分别为 Push Consumer 和 Simple Consumer。前者为服务端推送消息，后者为主动拉取消息。推荐使用 Push Consumer。
Push Consumer 消费示例代码如下：
include<chrono>
include<iostream>
include<thread>
include"gflags/gflags.h"
include"rocketmq/Logger.h"
include"rocketmq/PushConsumer.h"
using namespace ROCKETMQ_NAMESPACE;
// 设置为您从火山引擎消息队列 RocketMQ版控制台获取的接入点信息，类似"{INSTANCE_ID}.rocketmq.ivolces.com:8080"。
// 根据实例支持的认证方式，填写对应的身份认证信息：
// 密钥管理：access_key 为 AccessKey ID，access_secret 为 AccessKey Secret。
// 权限管理：access_key 为 ACL 用户名，access_secret 为 ACL 密码。
DEFINE_string(topic, "xxxx", "Topic to which messages are published");
DEFINE_string(group, "xxxx", "GroupId, created through your instance management console");
DEFINE_string(access_point, "rocketmq-xxxx:8080", "Service access URL, provided by your service provider");
DEFINE_int32(message_body_size, 4096, "Message body size");
DEFINE_uint32(total, 256, "Number of sample messages to publish");
DEFINE_string(access_key, "xxxxx", "Your access key ID");
DEFINE_string(access_secret, "xxxx", "Your access secret");
DEFINE_bool(tls, false, "Use HTTP2 with TLS/SSL"); // 暂不支持 SSL 模式，需设置为 false。
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true);
auto& logger = getLogger();
logger.setConsoleLevel(Level::Info);
logger.setLevel(Level::Info);
logger.init();
std::string tag = "*";
auto listener = [](const Message& message) {
std::cout << "Received a message[topic=" << message.topic() << ", MsgId=" << message.id() << "]" << std::endl;
return ConsumeResult::SUCCESS;
};
CredentialsProviderPtr credentials_provider;
if (!FLAGS_access_key.empty() && !FLAGS_access_secret.empty()) {
credentials_provider = std::make_shared<StaticCredentialsProvider>(FLAGS_access_key, FLAGS_access_secret);
}
// In most case, you don't need to create too many consumers, singleton pattern is recommended.
auto push_consumer = PushConsumer::newBuilder()
.withGroup(FLAGS_group)
.withConfiguration(Configuration::newBuilder()
.withEndpoints(FLAGS_access_point)
.withRequestTimeout(std::chrono::seconds(3))
.withCredentialsProvider(credentials_provider)
.withSsl(FLAGS_tls)
.build())
.withConsumeThreads(4)
.withListener(listener)
.subscribe(FLAGS_topic, tag)
.build();
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::minutes(30));
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
最近更新时间：2026.08.26 15:19:56
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